Upper tail dependence of families of Nelsen's Table 4.1 #
Nelsen, An Introduction to Copulas, second edition, Corollary 5.4.3: if the inverse generator
ψ has a finite nonzero right derivative at 0 (equivalently φ'(1⁻) ≠ 0), then δ'(1⁻) = 2
and λ_U = 0 (BivariateGenerator.hasUpperTailDependence_zero_of_hasDerivWithinAt). This file
applies that criterion to the families of Table 4.1 whose generator has φ'(1) ∈ (−∞, 0):
| family | ψ near 0 | ψ'(0) |
|---|---|---|
7 (0 < θ ≤ 1) | (e^{−s} + θ − 1)/θ | −1/θ |
| 10 | (2/(e^s + 1))^{1/θ} | −1/(2θ) |
| 11 | (2 − e^s)^{1/θ} | −1/θ |
| 13 | exp(1 − (1 + s)^{1/θ}) | −1/θ |
| 16 | (1 − θ − s + √((1 − θ − s)² + 4θ))/2 | −1/(1 + θ) |
| 17 | (1 + (2^{−θ} − 1)e^{−s})^{−1/θ} − 1 | 2(1 − 2^θ)/θ |
| 22 | (1 − sin s)^{1/θ} | −1/θ |
so each of these families has λ_U = 0 (for family 7 also at θ = 0, where it is W).
The helper BivariateGenerator.hasUpperTailDependence_zero_of_eventuallyEq reduces the criterion to
an explicit formula valid on some [0, ε).
Corollary 5.4.3 with an explicit local formula: if ψ = F on a right neighbourhood of 0
and F'(0) = d ≠ 0, then λ_U = 0.
Nelsen's family 7 has no upper tail dependence.
Nelsen's family 10 has no upper tail dependence.
Nelsen's family 11 has no upper tail dependence.
Nelsen's family 13 has no upper tail dependence.
Nelsen's family 16 has no upper tail dependence.
Nelsen's family 17 has no upper tail dependence.
Nelsen's family 22 has no upper tail dependence.